Schizophrenia: historical review and disorder’s neuropsychological characteristics

Abstract

Introduction. Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder that causes psychological suffering in the subject because of its symptoms, such as delusions and affective dullness, requiring antipsychotic medication, psychiatric and psychological monitoring throughout the subject's life. Objectives. To provide information on schizophrenia in the form of a historical review, covering advances in neuropsychological studies and clarifications in the editions of the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). Method. Bibliographical review, reflecting on existing works in the field of schizophrenia studies. Conclusion. Psychotherapy has an essential role to play in schizophrenia studies because it takes a biopsychosocial view, which means it goes beyond the subject, applying techniques and interventions that are consistent with the subjectivity of the patient and their support network, establishing a therapeutic relationship and improving their mental health in a multidisciplinary way with the health professionals involved in this case.