Factors associated with dysphagia in stroke patients: a systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34024/rnc.2021.v29.11940Keywords:
Stroke, Deglutition Disorder, Speech therapy, DeglutitionAbstract
Introduction. Alteration in the swallowing process, called dysphagia, is related to the development of post-stroke complications, such as malnutrition, dehydration and pulmonary problems. Objective. To verify the factors associated with the severity of dysphagia in stroke patients. Method. The search for articles was conducted in the Scielo, Lilacs, Pubmed, Scopus, Bireme, and Web Of Science databases. There was no restriction on location and language, from 2015 to 2020. For the selection of studies, the combination based on Medical Subject Heading Terms (MeSH) was used. Three studies that scored ≥6 points according to the protocol for qualitative scoring were included in the search. Results. The included articles found a correlation between NIHSS score and the degree of dysphagia, with mild stroke being associated with normal swallowing and mild dysphagia; while severe stroke with severe dysphagia. All patients with NIHSS scores ≥16 had some degree of oropharyngeal dysphagia, and all patients at risk of aspiration had stroke in the middle cerebral artery territory. Combined lesions of the frontal operculum and insular cortex resulted in prolonged risk of aspiration. Dysphagia and aspiration in post-stroke patients was related to oral phase dysfunction. Conclusion. There is evidence that the functional integrity of the oral and cervical muscles represents an aggravating factor for dysphagia after stroke, aspiration is an aspect associated with dysphagia after stroke. However, there was no correlation between hemispheric location of the stroke lesion and dysphagia.
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References
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Copyright (c) 2021 Beatriz Vitorio Ymai Rosendo, Laura Faustino Gonçalves, Cláudia Tiemi Mituuti, Patricia Haas
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