Fatores de risco odontológicos, moleculares e genéticos para o AVC: uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34024/rnc.2021.v29.11724Palavras-chave:
Transtornos cerebrovasculares, Periodontite, Imunomodulação, Polimorfismo Genético, Streptococcus mutansResumo
Introdução. As doenças cerebrovasculares são consideradas um problema de saúde pública, dentre elas o Acidente vascular cerebral se destaca pelo seu elevado potencial de causar morbimortalidade. Objetivo. Compreender como os fatores odontológicos, moleculares e genéticos em conjunto potencializam os episódios de Acidente vascular cerebral. Método. O presente artigo foi estruturado como uma revisão sistemática da literatura e a busca dos artigos foi realizada no período de março a junho de 2020 nos portais da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, PubMed e nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online, ScienceDirect e SpringerLink. Resultados. Pôde-se observar a existência de associação entre a periodontite e Acidente vascular cerebral, também entre as bactérias Actinomycetemcomitans, Staphylococcus, Porphyromonas gingivalis e Streptococcus mutans causadoras de hemorragias mediadas por IL-6 e Acidente vascular cerebral. Já os ácidos graxos como ômega-3 e Ácidos Graxos Poli-Insaturados estão associados a prevenção primária e secundária da doença cardiovascular e influenciar no risco de Acidente vascular cerebral. Por fim, alguns estudos sugerem que variações e polimorfismos nos genes BRCA2 e HDAC9 estão associados a doenças cardiovasculares e cerebrovasculares. Conclusão. Destaca-se a importância da contribuição desse conhecimento em conjunto para um melhor prognóstico, segurança do paciente e assistência em saúde.
Downloads
Métricas
Referências
Pannain GD, Ribeiro CC, Jacob MB, Pires LA, Almeida ALM. Relato de experiência: Dia Mundial do Acidente Vascular Cerebral. HU Rev 2019;45:104–8. https://doi.org/10.34019/1982-8047.2019.v45.25663
Benjamin EJ, Virani SS, Callaway CW, Chamberlain AM, Chang AR, Cheng S, et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2017 Update. Circulation 2017;135:146-603.
https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000485
Chandra A, Li W, Stone C, Geng X, Ding Y. The cerebral circulation and cerebrovascular disease II: Pathogenesis of cerebrovascular disease. Brain Circ 2017;1:57-65.
https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_11_17
Gakidou E, Afshin A, Abajobir AA, Abate KH, Abbafati C, Abbas KM, et al. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet 2017;390:1345-422. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32366-8
Cotti E, Dessì C, Piras A, Mercuro G. Can a chronic dental infection be considered a cause of cardiovascular disease? A review of the literature. Int J Cardiol 2011;148:4-10.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08.011
Costa FA, Silva DLA, da Rocha VM. Severidade clínica e funcionalidade de pacientes hemiplégicos pós-AVC agudo atendidos nos serviços públicos de fisioterapia de Natal (RN). Cienc Saude Col 2011;16(suppl 1):1341-8. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232011000700068
Thom T, Haase N, Rosamond W, Howard VJ, Rumsfeld J, Manolio T, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics - 2006 Update: A report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation 2006;113:85-151. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.171600
Danesh J, Collins R, Peto R. Clinical Investigation and Reports Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies. Circulation 2000;102:1082-5. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.102.10.1082
Bellenguez C, Bevan S, Gschwendtner A, Spencer CCA, Burgess AI, Pirinen M, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies a variant in HDAC9 associated with large vessel ischemic stroke. Nat Genet 2012;44:328-33. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.1081
Maaijwee NAMM, Rutten-Jacobs LCA, Schaapsmeerders P, Van Dijk EJ, De Leeuw FE. Ischaemic stroke in young adults: Risk factors and long-term consequences. Nat Rev Neurol 2014;10:315-25. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2014.72
Murakami M, Suzuki J, Yamazaki S, Ikezoe M, Matsushima R, Ashigaki N, et al. High incidence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans infection in patients with cerebral infarction and diabetic renal failure: A cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis 2013;13:557. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-13-557
Kebschull M, Demmer RT, Papapanou PN. “Gum bug, leave my heart alone!” - epidemiologic and mechanistic evidence linking periodontal infections and atherosclerosis. J Dent Res 2010;89:879-902. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034510375281
Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, Grp P. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement (Reprinted from Annals of Internal Medicine). Phys Ther 2009;89:873-80.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
Leao TS, Tomasi G, Ibrahim MS, Conzatti L, Marrone LP, Reynolds MA, et al. Tooth loss is associated with atherosclerosis and a poorer functional outcome among stroke patients. Clin Oral Investig 2020;24: 4541-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03319-z
Ghizoni JS, Taveira LAA, Garlet GP, Ghizoni MF, Pereira JR, Dionísio TJ, et al. Increased levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis are associated with ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease in humans: an in vivo study. J Appl Oral Sci 2012;20:104-12. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-77572012000100019
Tonomura S, Ihara M, Kawano T, Tanaka T, Okuno Y, Saito S, et al. Intracerebral hemorrhage and deep microbleeds associated with cnm-positive Streptococcus mutans; A hospital cohort study. Sci Rep 2016;6:1-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep20074
Cao Y, Lu L, Liang J, Liu M, Li X, Sun RR, et al. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. Cell Biochem Biophys 2015;72:77-81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12013-014-0407-5
Abdelhamid A, Martin N, Bridges C, Brainard J, Wang X, Brown T, et al. Polyunsaturated fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (Review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018;11:CD012345.
https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012345.pub3
Zbuk K, Xie C, Young R, Heydarpour M, Pare G, Davis AD, et al. BRCA2 Variants and cardiovascular disease in a multi-ethnic study. BMC Med Genet 2012;13:56. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2350-13-56
Ehret GB, Munroe PB, Rice KM, Bochud M, Johnson AD, Chasman DI, et al. Genetic variants in novel pathways influence blood pressure and cardiovascular disease risk. Nature 2011;478:103-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature10405
Sacco S, Merki-Feld GS, Ægidius KL, Bitzer J, Canonico M, Kurth T, et al. Hormonal contraceptives and risk of ischemic stroke in women with migraine: a consensus statement from the European Headache Federation (EHF) and the European Society of Contraception and Reproductive Health (ESC). J Headache Pain 2017;18:1-20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-017-0815-1
Chiappelli F, Bakhordarian A, Thames AD, Du AM, Jan AL, Nahcivan M, et al. Ebola: Translational science considerations. J Transl Med 2015;13:1-29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-014-0362-3
Bokhari SAH, Khan AA, Ansari JA, Alam R. Tooth loss in institutionalized coronary heart disease patients of Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore, Pakistan. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2012;2:51-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jegh.2011.11.004
Ogorodnikova AD, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Mancuso P, Sowers MR, Rajpathak SN, Allison MA, et al. High-molecular-weight adiponectin and incident ischemic stroke in postmenopausal women: A women’s health initiative study. Stroke 2010;41:1376-81. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.576546
Beck JD, Moss KL, Morelli T, Offenbacher S. Periodontal profile class is associated with prevalent diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, and systemic markers of C-reactive protein and interleukin-6. J Periodontol 2018;89:157-65. https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.17-0426
Kim H-D, Sim S-J, Moon J-Y, Hong Y-C, Han D-H. Association Between Periodontitis and Hemorrhagic Stroke Among Koreans: A Case-Control Study. J Periodontol 2010;81:658-65. https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2010.090614
Sen S, Chung M, Duda V, Giamberardino L, Hinderliter A, Offenbacher S. Periodontal Disease Associated with Aortic Arch Atheroma in Patients with Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2017;26:2137-44.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.04.035
Cecon F, Ferreira LEN, Rosa RT, Gursky LC, de Paula e Carvalho A, Samaranayake LP, et al. Time-related Increase of Staphylococci, Enterobacteriaceae and Yeasts in the Oral Cavities of Comatose Patients. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2010;43:457-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1684-1182(10)60071-0
Androulakis XM, Kodumuri N, Giamberardino LD, Rosamond WD, Gottesman RF, Yim E, et al. Ischemic stroke subtypes and migraine with visual aura in the ARIC study. Neurology 2016;87:2527-32. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000003428
Sabater-Lleal M, Huang J, Chasman D, Naitza S, Dehghan A, Johnson AD, et al. Multiethnic meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in >100,000 subjects identifies 23 fibrinogen-associated loci but no strong evidence of a causal association between circulating fibrinogen and cardiovascular disease. Circulation 2013;128:1310-24. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002251
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2021 César Antonio de Araújo Melo , Jullierme de Oliveira Morais, Gabriela de Oliveira Martins, Geórgia Costa de Araújo Souza , Pablo de Castro Santos
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Aceito: 2021-07-26
Publicado: 2021-08-31