Darwin e o nexo divergência-competição

Uma revisão crítica

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34024/prometeica.2023.27.14347

Palavras-chave:

especialização, Darwin, nicho ecológico, economia da natureza, luta pela existencia

Resumo

Este artigo pretende oferecer uma revisão e reinterpretação do problema teórico na teoria de Darwin, na qual o princípio da divergência e da competição entre seres vivos está relacionado. Houve duas interpretações fundamentais sobre esta questão. A primeira delas é a daqueles que argumentam que a divergência é favorecida porque implica uma redução da competição enfrentada pelos seres vivos que se deslocam de um nicho ecológico para outro. Por outro lado, embora esta seja uma posição menos difundida - alguns defendem uma interpretação em que a redução da competição não é a vantagem, mas sim a especialização e, portanto, o aumento da competitividade, ou seja, ter melhores ferramentas ou capacidades para competir. Este artigo defende esta última tese, fundamentalmente apoiada por William Tammone, mas de outra perspectiva e com o uso de argumentos que se baseiam na proposta de Trevor Pearce sobre a noção de economia natural de Darwin.

Métricas

Carregando Métricas ...

Biografia do Autor

  • Daniel Labrador-Montero, Universidad de Salamanca

    Daniel Labrador Montero es Doctor en Lógica y Filosofía de la Ciencia. Actualmente es Profesor Asociado en el Área de Lógica y Filosofía de la Ciencia del Departamento de Filosofía, Lógica y Estética de la Universidad de Salamanca en España. Su investigación se ha centrado en Filosofía de la ciencia e historia de la ciencia. En concreto, se ha especializado en filosofía e historia de la biología, de la economía y de las ciencias sociales. 

Referências

Beddall, Barbara G. (1988). Darwin and Divergence: The Wallace Connection. Journal of the History of Biology, 21(1), 1-68.

Bowler, Peter (1989). Evolution. The History of an Idea. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Brackman, Arnold C. (1980). A Delicate Arrangement: The Strange Case of Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace. London: Times Books.

Browne, Janet (1980). Darwin's Botanical Arithmetic and the Principle of Divergence, 1854-1858. Journal of the History Biology, 13(1), 53-89.

Burkhardt, Frederick y Smith, Sydney (eds.) (1991). The Correspondence of Charles Darwin. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Darwin, Charles R. (1838). Notebook C: [Transmutation of Species (1838.02-1838.07)]. CUL-DAR122. Disponible en: http://darwin-online.org.uk/

Darwin, Charles R. (1856). NS II Principle of Divergence, transitional-155 Note. DAR 205.5: 171r. Disponible en: https://cudl.lib.cam.ac.uk/view/MS-DAR-00205-00005/346

Darwin, Charles R. (1859). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. 1st Edition. London: John Murray.

Darwin, Charles R. (1872). The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life, 6th Edition. London: John Murray.

Darwin, Charles R. (1975). Charles Darwin's Natural Selection. Being the Second Part of His Big Species Book Written from 1856 to 1858. R. C. Stauffer (ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

D’Hombres, Emmanuel (2013). The ‘Division of Physiological Labour’: The Birth, Life and Death of a Concept. Journal of the History of Biology, 45, 3–31.

D’Hombres, Emmanuel (2015). The Darwinian Muddle on the Division of Labour: An Attempt at Clarification, History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences, 38, 1–22.

Gould, Stephen J. (2002). The Structure of Evolutionary Theory. Cambridge, Massachussets y Londres: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

Gruber, Howard (1984). Darwin sobre el hombre. Un estudio psicológico de la creatividad científica. Madrid: Alianza.

Kohn, David (1981). On the Origin of the Principle of Divergence [Review of A. C. Brackman, A delicate arrangement]. Science, 213, 1105-1108.

Kohn, David (1985). Darwin’s Principle of Divergence as Internal Dialogue. En: David Kohn (ed.), Darwinian Heritage (pp. 245-258). New Jersey: Princeton University Press.

Kohn, David (2009). Darwin’s Keystone: The Principle of Divergence. En: Michael Ruse y Robert J. Richards (eds.), The Cambridge Companion to the Origin of Species (pp. 87-108). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kottler, Makobn J. (1985). Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace: Two Decades of Debate over Natural Selection. En David Kohn (ed.), The Darwinian Heritage (pp. 367-432). Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Labrador Montero, Daniel (2019). La evolución de la biología y la biología evolucionista: especie y finalidad, Revista de Humanidades de Valparaíso, (14), 395-426.

Limoges, Camille (1994). Milne-Edwards, Darwin, Durkheim and the Division of Labour: A Case Study in Reciprocal Conceptual Exchanges Between the Social and the Natural Sciences. En: I. Bernard Cohen, (ed.), The Natural Sciences and the Social Sciences (pp. 317-343). Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Mayr, Ernst (1985). Darwin's Five Theories of Evolution. En: David Kohn (ed.), The Darwinian Heritage (pp. 755-772). New Jersey: Princeton University Press.

Mayr, Ernst (1992). Darwin’s Principle of Divergence. Journal of the History of Biology, 25(3), 343-359.

Morris, Susan W. (2009). Fleeming Jenkin and The Origin of Species: a Reassessment. The British Journal of the History of Science, 27(3), 313-343.

Ospovat, Dov (1981). The Development of Darwin's Theory: Natural History, Natural Theology and Natural Selection, 1838-1859. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Pearce, Trevor (2010). «A Great Complication of Circumstances»— Darwin and the Economy of Nature. Journal of the History of Biology, (43), 493-528.

Richards, Robert J. (2012). Darwin’s Principles of Divergence and Natural Selection: Why Fodor Was almost Right. Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, 43(1), 256-268.

Schweber, Silvan (1980). Darwin and the Political Economist: Divergence of Character. Journal of the History of Biology, 13(2), 195-289.

Schweber, Silvan (1985). The Wider British Context in Darwin’s Theorizing. En David Kohn (ed.), The Darwinian Heritage (pp. 35–69). New Jersey: Priceton University Press.

Smith, Adam (1904). An Inquiry into the Nature and Cuases of the Weatlh of Nations. Vol. 1. Edwin Cannan. London.

Sulloway, Frank J. (1979). Geographical Isolation in Darwin's Thinking: The Vicissitudes of a Crucial Idea”. Stud. Hist. Biol., 3, 23-65.

Sulloway, Frank J. (1982). Darwin and His Finches: The Evolution of a Legend. Journal of the History of Biology, 15(1), 1-53.

Tammone, William (1995). Competition, the Division of Labor, and Darwin's Principle of Divergence. Journal of the History of Biology, 28(1), 109-131.

Wallace, Alfred R. (1890). Darwinism: An Exposition of the Theory of Natural Selection. New York: Macmillan.

Worster, Donald (1977). Nature's Economy: A History of Ecological Ideas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Young, Robert M. (1990). Darwinism and the División of Labour. Science as Culture, 1(9), 110-124.

Publicado

2023-07-27

Como Citar

Labrador-Montero, D. (2023). Darwin e o nexo divergência-competição: Uma revisão crítica . Prometeica - Revista De Filosofia E Ciências, 27, 22-38. https://doi.org/10.34024/prometeica.2023.27.14347
Recebido 2022-09-16
Aprovado 2023-07-14
Publicado 2023-07-27