A quebra do paradigma “Sentido Da Colonização”

notas sobre o debate historiográfico do Brasil Colonial, Antigo Sistema Colonial e Antigo Regime nos Trópicos

Abstract

This article takes up the historiographical bases of two Brazilian tendencies: Antigo Sistema Colonial and Antigo Regime nos Trópicos. We seek to understand them epistemologically in order to explain the characteristics of the current historiographical heated clash. We analyze the founding basis of the "Paulista" tendency, the main theses that compose the understanding of the colonial past, from the consolidation of the research of Fernando Novais. We explain some of the keywords that have directed the construction of his work "Crise do Antigo Sistema Colonial", such as Marxism/ structuralism, Braudelian long term, etc. We have shown that after the consolidation of his work, there were criticisms, especially after the 90s, from the thesis of João Fragoso and Manolo Florentino, and later, in 2001, with the creation of the group Antigo Regime nos trópicos. We emphasize the influences that this group suffered (such as Foucault and the Portuguese author António Manuel Hespanha), the historiographical challenges he launched and, above all, the challenges they must face (as the "exclusion" of slavery in their explanations). We connected the development of the group to post-modern criticism to neoliberalism and the economic situation of recent years. Our hypothesis is that the emergence of the group "carioca" is explained by the context of the 1990s and 2000s, which seeks to understand Brazilian problems.