Terapia Colinérgica na Doença de Alzheimer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34024/rnc.2000.v8.8951Palavras-chave:
Doença de Alzheimer, terapia colinérgica, demênciaResumo
Acompanhando desde os primórdios da terapêutica da doença de Alzheimer, este artigo revisa o desenvolvimento das drogas que, baseado na hipótese colinérgica, foram inicialmente utilizadas e até hoje constituem a única classe de medicamentos com efeitos benéficos na cognição. A tacrina, a primeira droga aprovada pelo FDA, devido aos seus intensos efeitos colaterais, foi seguida de uma segunda geração de inibidores da acetilcolinesterase, os quais vêm sendo usados com êxito em vários países.
Downloads
Métricas
Referências
Evans DA, Funkenstein HH, Albert MS et al. Prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease in a community population of older persons; higher than previously reported. JAMA, 262:2551- 2556, 1989.
White LR, Cartwright WS, Cornoni-Huntley J et al. Geriatric epidemiology. Ann Rev Gerontol Geriatr, 6:215-311, 1986.
Beatty WW, Butters N, Janowsky DS. Paterns of memory failure after scopolamine treatment: implications for cholinergic hypotesis of dementia. Behav Neurol Biol, 45:196- 211,1986.
Davies P. Neurotransmitter-related enzimes in senile dementia of Alzheimer’s type. Brain Res, 171:319-327, 1997.
Heyman A, Schmechel D, Wilkonson W et al. Failure of long term high-dose lecithin to retard progression of early-onset Alzheimer’s disease. J Neural Trans, 24(Suppl):279-286, 1987.
Levy R, Little A, Chuagui P, Reith M. Early results from double-blind, placebo controlled trial of high dose phosphatidylcholine. Lancet, 1:987-88, 1983.
Spagnoli A, Lucca U, Menasce G et al. Long term acetyl-lcarnitine treatment in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology, 41:1726-1732, 1991.
Rockwood K, Beattie BL, Eastwood R et al. A randomized controlled trial of linopiridine in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Can J Neurol Sci, 24:140-145, 1997.
Huff FJ, Shipley J and the Besipiridine Study Group. Besiperidine (HP 749): treatment trial in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology, 45(suppl 4):A288, 1995.
Bodick NC, Offen WW, Levey AI et al. Effects of xanomelina, a selective muscarinic receptor agonist, on cognitive function and behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease. Arch Neurol, 54:465-473, 1997.
Newhouse PA, Sunderland T, Tariot PN et al. Intravenous nicotine in Alzeimher’s disease: a pilot study. Psychopharmachology, 95:171-175, 1998.
Pontecorvo MJ. Clinical development of galantamine: evaluation of a coumpond with possible acetylcholinesterase inhibiting and nicotinic modulatory activity. Neurobiol Aging, 19:57, 1998.
Peters BH, Levin HS. Effects of physostigmine and lecithin on memory in Alzheimer’s disease. Ann Neurol, 24: 140-145, 1979.
Thal LJ, Schwartz G, Sano M et al. A multicenter doubleblind study of controlled-release physostigmine for the treatment of symptoms secondary to Alzheimer’s disease. Physostigmine Study Group. Neurology, 47:1389-1395, 1996.
Knapp MJ, Knopman DS, Solomon DS, Solomon PR, Pendlebury WW, Davis CS, Gracon SI. A 30-week randomized controlled trial of high-dose tacrine in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. The Tacrine Study Group. JAMA, 271:985-991, 1994.
Kaufer DI, Cummings JL, Christine D. Effects of tacrine of behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease: an open label study. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, 9:1-6, 1996.
Rogers SL, Doody RS, Mohs RC, Friedhoff LT and the Donepezil Study Group. Donepezil improves cognition and global function in Alzheimer disease: a 15-week, doubleblind, placebo-controlled study. Arch Int Med, 158: 1021-1031, 1998.
Rogers SL, Farlow MR, Mohs R, Friedhoff LT and the Donepezil Study Group. A 24-week, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial of donepezil in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology, 50:136-145, 1998.
Corey-Bloom J, Anand R, Veach J, group ftEBs. A randomized trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of ENA 713 (rivastigmine tartrate), a new acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, in patients with mild to moderately severe Alzheimer’s disease. Int J Geriatric Psychopharmacol, 1:55- 65, 1998.
Cummings JL, Cyrus PA, Bieber F, Mas J, Orazem J, Gulanski B. Metrifonate treatment of the cognitive deficits of Alzheimer’s disease. Metrifonate Study Group. Neurology, 50:1214-1221, 1998.
Morris JC, Cyrus PA, Ozarem J et al. Metrifonate benefits cognitive, behavioral, and global function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology, 50:1222-1230, 1998.
Gélinas I, Gauthier S, Cyrus PA, Ruzicka BB, Gulanki B. The efficacy of metrifonate in enhancing the ability of Alzheimer’s disease patients to perform basic and instrumental activities of daily living. Neurology, 50:A90-A91, 1998.
McClellan KJ, Benfield P. Epigastigmine. CNS Drugs, 9:69- 75, 1997.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Publicado: 2000-03-31
Português
English
Español
