Chronic Pain and Depression
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34024/rnc.2006.v14.8762Keywords:
Antidepressive Agents, Depression, PainAbstract
Chronic pain is an increasingly costly and debilitating medical condition. It is widely viewed as a biopsychosocial phenomenon. Chronic pain includes a large variety of heterogeneous clinical conditions. Rehabilitation programs without an adequate mental health component may therefore become a failure. Psychopathology may also increase pain intensity and disability, thus serving to perpetuate pain-related dysfunction. Anxiety has been found to decrease pain threshold and tolerance, anxiety and depression have been associated with magnification of medical symptoms, depression has been associated with less successful treatment outcomes, and emotional distress has been linked to physical symptoms through autonomic arousal, vigilance, and misinterpretation or somatic amplification. Much of this interest can be attributed to the high frequency with which chronic pain patients suffer from depression. There is no single explanation that can be generalized to all individuals. What does seem certain in almost all cases is that there a prepay vulnerability to a certain type of psychopathology, or a more generalized vulnerability to psychopathology, that may or may not have reached the level of diagnosable psychopathology before the onset of pain. The dynamic and reinforcing interplay between pain and psychopathology make it impossible to treat either condition independently of the other
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References
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