Controle neural da ventilação
contribuições do bulbo e cerebelo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34024/rnc.2009.v17.8529Palavras-chave:
Cerebelo, Bulbo, VentilaçãoResumo
Introdução. O controle ventilatório requer a interação de diversas estruturas localizadas no Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC) relacionadas como participantes da gênese e modulação da atividade ventilatória. Objetivo. Descrever as contribuições neurais na modulação do ritmo ventilatório. Método. Revisão bibliográfica entre os anos de 2007 e 2008 no portal Medline (via EBSCO/HOST), delimitada em estudos datados entre 1997 e 2007. Resultados. Existem hipóteses sobre a participação do cerebelo em atividades não somáticas (viscerais e imunológicas) bem como na modulação da ventilação. O papel modulatório é decorrente do balanço entre a atividade inibitória de seu córtex e a atividade facilitatória exercida pelos seus núcleos profundos. Estes núcleos possuem diferentes funções na modulação da ventilação, participando de reflexos ventilatórios por estímulos químicos ou mecânicos. O núcleo fastigial rostral (NFr) apresenta regiões quimiossensíveis a dióxido de carbono (CO2) e íons hidrogênio (H+), capazes de aumentar a ventilação em situações de hipercapnia média ou severa. Há atividade cerebelar difusa durante a dispnéia induzida de forma aguda por CO2. Conclusão. O cerebelo está significativamente envolvido na modulação ventilatória, em situações de hipercapnia média e severa (intensa ou grave), associando-se a outras regiões do SNC na integração de reflexos ventilatórios evocados por estímulos químicos e mecânicos.
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Publicado: 2009-12-31
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