Simulação Mental de Movimentos
da Teoria à Aplicação na Reabilitação Motora
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34024/rnc.2013.v21.8147Palavras-chave:
Neurofisiologia, Reabilitação, Acidente Vascular Cerebral, Neurociências, RevisãoResumo
Introdução. A imagética motora (IM) consiste na evocação do plano motor de uma dada ação sem que haja a execução do movimento. Objetivo. Realizar uma revisão e análise crítica sobre a IM, discutindo as características neurofisiológicas, as diferenças entre as estratégias de simulação e sua aplicação clínica no contexto da reabilitação de pacientes pós-Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC). Método. Busca de artigos indexados pelas bases ISI e Medline, publicados entre 1980 e 2012, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol. Discussão. A IM é capaz de levar a ativações cerebrais, fisiológicas e comportamentais semelhantes às ocorridas durante a execução motora. Entretanto, a IM pode ser realizada utilizando duas possíveis estratégias, a cinestésica e a visual, e cada uma delas provoca distintos padrões de ativação cortical. Observou-se que o treinamento com a IM é capaz de gerar ganhos funcionais em pacientes pós-AVC. No entanto, não foi possível padronizar a utilização do protocolo mais adequado, visto que ainda não há um consenso quanto à frequência, duração, a estratégia de IM e a fase da doença mais apropriada para sua aplicação. Conclusão. Apesar dos avanços, ainda há necessidade de mais estudos a fim de determinar as diretrizes para a utilização da IM na reabilitação motora e seus benefícios a longo prazo.
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Publicado: 2013-12-31
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