Systematic Review for Drug Treatment in Phantom Limb Pain
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4181/RNC.2014.22.02.894.12pKeywords:
Amputation, Drugs, Systematic ReviewAbstract
Objective. To perform a systematic review of the literature on the possible pharmacological strategies used phantom limb pain. Method. The survey was held in electronic databases, Pubmed and Lilacs Cochrane through consultation by specific MeSH terms. It was for articles submitted in full, written in English or Spanish, adult human, both sexes, published between 1990 and 2012. Results. After the exclusion criteria application, 20 studies were selected. Thorough their analysis, it was found that there are positive pharmacological therapeutic possibilities in the short term to be used, among them include opioids, gabapentin and ketamine. Morphine (oral and intravenous) was effective in decreasing the intensity of the pain in the short term. Excluding memantine, NMDA receptor antagonists, morphine and ketamine showed analgesic effects. However, the results obtained with gabapentin in relation to pain relief were not significant. The targeting of the efficacy of calcitonin, and dextromethorphan requires further studies. Conclusion. Morphine, and ketamine demonstrated to be effective as short analgesics. Further studies are necessary to clarify the real benefits of amitriptyline, tramadol hydrochloride, memantine and botulinum toxin. Interventions in studies with larger numbers of participants are important in order to establish recommendations on therapeutic practice.
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