Inteligência artificial na previsão de desfechos e planejamento neurocirúrgico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34024/rnc.2025.v33.19739Palavras-chave:
Inteligência artificial, Neurocirurgia, Machine Learning, PlanejamentoResumo
Introdução. A metástase de tumores sólidos é comum em neurocirurgia e seu tratamento enfrenta desafios como a radioresistência e a dificuldade de acessar áreas centrais do cérebro. Tecnologias avançadas, especialmente com aprendizado de máquina, têm melhorado a precisão diagnóstica e preditiva na neurocirurgia, mas há lacunas na literatura sobre sua aplicação. Objetivo. A presente revisão tem por objetivo analisar o potencial das técnicas de Machine Learning (ML) nos processos neurocirúrgicos. Método. Foram coletados dados das bases de dados PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, nos quais foram utilizados os descritores Brain Neoplasm, Brain Tumor, Machine Learning e Neurosurgical Procedure. Resultados. Modelos de ML recentes mostraram alta precisão na previsão de resposta terapêutica e progressão de metástases, superando métodos tradicionais, especialmente quando integrados a dados clínicos e radiômicos. Ferramentas automatizadas também têm avançado na segmentação de tumores, embora melhorias ainda sejam necessárias na detecção de pequenas lesões. O ML tem se destacado no monitoramento longitudinal, otimizando análises volumétricas e decisões clínicas. Na navegação cirúrgica, acelera a dissecção tumoral e aprimora a identificação de tumores, com grande potencial para personalizar tratamentos de forma precisa e individualizada. Conclusão. A exploração das aplicações de técnicas de ML na neurocirurgia, focando no tratamento de tumores cerebrais, revelou um panorama promissor sobre como o ML pode transformar o campo da neurociência, desde o planejamento até a execução de intervenções cirúrgicas.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Wesley Lima Guimarães, Ana Paula Beirigo Barbosa, Gerley Adriano Miranda Cruz, Marcus Kalyel Ferreira Godoi, Maria Carolina Mota Mendes, Salvador Rassi Filho, Jalsi Tacon Arruda
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Aprovado 2025-03-12
Publicado 2025-03-25
