The Congenital Syndrome associated with Zika virus infection in Brazil from 2019 to 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34024/rnc.2025.v33.19294Keywords:
Zika virus, Nervous System, MicrocephalyAbstract
Introduction: The Zika virus is an arbovirus whose infection is responsible for Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS), characterized by deficiencies in the central and peripheral nervous systems, including microcephaly. Objective: To describe the temporal distribution of reported cases of CZS in live births in Brazil from 2019 to 2023 and the etiological agents involved. Method: This is a descriptive epidemiological study, with data obtained from the "Notifications of Suspected Cases of CZS" database of DATASUS. Data collection was carried out through the health information system, considering the years 2019 to 2023, the region of residence, congenital abnormalities, and etiology. Results: Approximately 5,137 cases of CZS were recorded from 2019 to 2023, with the highest prevalence recorded in 2019 (29.5%). There was a declining trend over the studied years, with a resurgence in 2023. The Southeast and Northeast regions had the highest notifications, with 2,067 and 1,823 cases, respectively. Isolated microcephaly represented the majority, with approximately 2,964 cases. Microcephaly associated with other abnormalities accounted for 501 notifications. Regarding the etiology of CZS, in most cases, the etiological agent was not reported, totaling 82.6% of notifications. Other etiological causes were related to STOCH and STOCH + Zika. Conclusion: Therefore, it is important to develop studies on the prevalence of Zika virus and CZS in the population, especially in investigating the etiological factors associated with CZS, which will assist in the implementation of public health policies in the most affected regions.
Metrics
References
Bhandari V, Taksande AB, Sapkale B. Disease Transmission and Diagnosis of Zika Virus. Cureus 2023;15:1-8. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.49263
Duarte G, Miranda EA, Bermúdez XPD, Saraceni V, Martinez-Espinosa FE. Protocolo Brasileiro para Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis 2020: infecção pelo vírus Zika. Epidemiol Serv Saude 2021;30(suppl1):1-24. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-4974202100017.esp1
Fazzioni NH. Zika: dos sertões brasileiros à ameaça global, de Débora Diniz. Interface Com Saúde Edu 2018;22:967-9. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-57622018.0005
Freitas PS, Soares GB, Mocelin HJS, Lacerda LCX, Prado TN, Sales CMM, et al. Síndrome congênita do vírus Zika: perfil sociodemográfico das mães. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2019;43:1-7. https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2019.24
Freitas DA, Santos RS, Carvalho LM, Barros WB, Neves LM, Brasil P, et al. Síndrome congênita do Zika: uma revisão sistemática. PLoS One 2020;15:1-27. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242367
Moore CA, Staples JE, Dobyns WB, Pessoa A, Ventura CV, Fonseca EB, et al. Characterizing the Pattern of Anomalies in Congenital Zika Syndrome for Pediatric Clinicians. JAMA Pediatr 2017;171:288-95. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.3982
Dornelas JPA, Nogueira S, Caetano GF, Oliveira IDC, Vieira IGP, Sereno MGB, et al. Relationship between congenital alterations observed in congenital Zika virus infection syndrome. Res Soc Dev 2024;13: e2113645873. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i6.45873
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde (MS). Protocolo de atendimento: mulheres em idade fértil, gestantes, puérperas e bebês com microcefalia (Internet). Brasília 2015 (assecado em: 05/08/2024). Disponível em: https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/protocolos_atencao_basica_saude_mulheres.pdf
Teixeira GA, Dantas DNA, Carvalho GAF, Silva AN, Lira ALB, Enders BC. Análise do conceito síndrome congênita pelo Zika vírus. Ciência Saúde Coletiva 2020;25:567-74. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020252.30002017
Neto PAO, Branco MRF, Costa SSB, Câmara APB, Marques TMN, Araújo AS, et al. Análise espacial da taxa de detecção de casos suspeitos de síndrome congênita pelo vírus Zika, Maranhão, 2015 a 2018. Rev Bras Epidemiol 2022;25:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720220002
Guimarães MFM, Sampaio PHS, Ramos ABF, Cavalcanti CP, Gonçalves CCR, Nascimento MET, et al. Casos notificados de Zika congênita por região brasileira: uma análise epidemiológica de 5 anos. Europub J Health Res 2022;3:394-403. https://doi.org/10.54747/ejhrv3n3-007
De França GVA, Pedi VD, Garcia MHO, Carmo GMI, Leal MB, Garcia LP. Congenital syndrome associated with Zika virus infection among live births in Brazil: a description of the distribution of reported and confirmed cases in 2015-2016. Epidemiol Serv Saude 2018;27:e2017473. https://doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742018000200014
Brasil. Monitoramento dos casos de arboviroses urbanas transmitidas pelo Aedes aegypti (dengue, chikungunya e zika), Semanas Epidemiológicas 1 a 26, 2020 (Internet). Boletim Epidemiológico, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde; 2020 (acessado em: 05/08/2024). Disponível em: https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/publicacoes/boletins/epidemiologicos/edicoes/2021/boletim_epidemiologico_svs_3.pdf/view
Pires NP, Amaral CP. Análise dos dados epidemiológicos de casos de microcefalia relacionados ao Zika vírus. Disciplinarum Scientia| Saúde 2019;20:459-72. https://doi.org/10.37777/2894
Carvalho, CVC, Lima ABR, Rego JNM, Batista BRF, da Silva SBA, Assis SV, et al. Panorama clínico-epidemiológico dos casos de Zika vírus no Maranhão: análise dos anos de 2018 a 2023. Braz J Implantol Health Sci 2024;6:1875-85. https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2024v6n7p1875-1885
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, IBGE. Panorama do Censo 2022 (Internet). Disponível em: https://censo2022.ibge.gov.br/panorama/
Briancini AE, de Oliveira GS, Lodi LM, Muller SF, Sponholz Y, Lima UTS. Perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos casos suspeitos de síndrome congênita do vírus Zika no estado do Paraná de 2015 a 2023. Rev Ibero-Am Human Ciên Edu 2024;10:202-19. https://doi.org/10.51891/rease.v10i6.14353
Zafalão LM, Rosa SJL, de Almeida MC, de Melo MN, Menezes FHR. A persistência do desafio: estudo da prevalência da microcefalia associada à infecção congênita pelo Zika vírus em Goiás (2018-2022). The Braz J Infec Dis 2024;28:103785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2024.103785
Sales F, Filho JOS, Monteiro DLS. Zika vírus and neurological manifestation: a systematic review. Saude Coletiva (Barueri) 2024;14:13166-79. https://doi.org/10.36489/saudecoletiva.2024v14i89p13166-13179
Benicio PJS, Lima MCS, Macedo LJS, Júnior JLP, Garcês TCC. Alterações neurológicas associadas a infecções por arbovírus no Brasil. Rev Eletr Acervo Saúde 2021;13:1-12. https://doi.org/10.25248/REAS.e6065.2021
Braga JU, Bressan C, Dalvi APR, Calvet GA, Daumas RP, Rodrigues N, et al. Accuracy of Zika virus disease case definition during simultaneous Dengue and Chikungunya epidemics. PLOS ONE 2017;12:1-14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179725
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Camilla de Andrade Tenorio Cavalcanti, Vanessa Ribeiro Leite Celestino, Beatriz Cardoso Campos de Assunção, Yasmin Marques dos Santos, Letícia Pimentel Duarte, Fábio Antônio Mota Fonseca da Silva, Polliany da Silva Mendonça, Sara Maria Xavier da Cruz
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Accepted 2025-02-12
Published 2025-02-26
