Revisão literária: craniectomia descompressiva em AVC e trauma cranioencefálico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34024/rnc.2024.v32.15914Palavras-chave:
Neurocirurgia, Hipertensão Intracraniana, Acidente Vascular Cerebral, Traumatismo Cerebral, Craniectomia Descompressiva, Deterioração ClínicaResumo
Introdução. O traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) e o acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) consistem em importantes causas de morbimortalidade. Nos indivíduos refratários ao tratamento clínico ou que cursam com aumento significativo da hipertensão intracraniana, a craniectomia descompressiva consiste em opção terapêutica eficaz. Para avaliação neurológica destes pacientes, deve ser realizada Escala de Coma de Glasgow, tomografia computadorizada e Escala de Rankin Modificada em casos de AVC e Escala de Outcome de Glasgow para TCE. Apesar de ser um procedimento cirúrgico realizado regularmente, há poucos dados sobre o mesmo. Objetivo. O presente estudo realizou uma revisão integrativa da literatura com o intuito de analisar a craniectomia como tratamento do AVC e do TCE, bem como descrever a técnica cirúrgica. Método. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura através da base de dados PubMed, SciElo, Scientific Direct, EBSCO, LILACS, TripDataBase e Cochrane, utilizando os descritores Descompressive Craniectomy, Clinical Deterioration, Neurosurgery, Intracranial Hypertension, Stroke e Brain Injury. Após a leitura do título e do resumo, os artigos incompatíveis com o objetivo foram excluídos. Conclusão. A craniectomia descompressiva demonstra ser eficaz no tratamento da hipertensão intracraniana, porém está associada a elevada mortalidade e complicações, visto que resulta em alterações no metabolismo e na perfusão encefálica.
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Referências
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Copyright (c) 2024 João Vítor Santana Mendes, Mariana Dornelles Frassetto, Maria Eduarda Scheeren Xavier, Paulo Otávio Hilário Pinter, Maurício Moretto Salvaro, Atilio Silvestre Negro, Leonardo Daleffe Freitas, Carlos Fernando dos Santos Moreira
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