Z-hypnotics in the treatment of insomnia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34024/rnc.2022.v30.12663Keywords:
z-hypnotics, zolpidem, eszopiclone, zopiclone, zaleplonAbstract
Introduction. The search for quality sleep has led to an increase in the use of hypnotics-sedatives. Among them, the z-hypnotics - zolpidem, eszopiclone and zopiclone - stand out, due to the good results provided and the few adverse reactions presented. Objective. To analyze the use and adverse reactions of z-hypnotics. Method. Narrative literature review performed through a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, based on studies considered relevant about z-hypnotics. Results. The studies described an increase of prescriptions of z-hypnotics in the last years. The most common adverse reactions in the use of these drugs were headaches, drowsiness and dizziness. Although being well tolerated during long-term treatment, z-hypnotics may lose their effectiveness after prolonged use, being recommended the use for a few weeks. In general, this class of medication is little associated to dependence and withdrawal syndrome, compared to benzodiazepines, which are also used to treat insomnia. Conclusion. Given the increased incidence of insomnia in the modern world, the search for new drugs to treat this disorder is incessant. Compared to benzodiazepines, z-hypnotics have a better profile of adverse reaction, with zolpidem and zopiclone being more restricted to the acute treatment of insomnia, while eszopiclone showed to be safe to use for longer periods.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Luiz Augusto Testi da Silva, Flaviane Cristina de Brito Guzzo Soliani, Ana Cláudia Soncini Sanches
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Accepted 2022-07-21
Published 2022-09-13
