Considerações Sobre o Tratamento da Esclerose Múltipla
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34024/rnc.1999.v7.10312Palavras-chave:
Esclerose múltipla, interferon-beta, imunossupressores, plasmaferese, imunoglobulinaResumo
A esclerose múltipla é uma doença do sistema nervoso central de etiologia inflamatória, presumidamente auto-imune e caracterizada pela destruição da mielina. Alguns aspectos do seu tratamento são abordados.
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Referências
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2. Weinstock-Guttman B, Cohen JA. Emerging therapies for multiple sclerosis. Neurologist, 2:342-55, 1996.
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14. Miller JHD, Vas CJ, Noronha MJ, Liversedge LA, Rawson MD. Long-term treatment of multiple sclerosis with corticotrophin. Lancet, 2:429-31, 1967. 15. Durelli L, Bongioanni MR, Cavallo R et al. Chronic systemic high-dose recombinant interferon alpha-2a reduces exacerbation rate, MRI signs of disease activity, and lynfocyte interferon gamma production in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 44:406-13, 1994.
16. Yong VW, Chabot S, Stuve O, Williams G. Interferon beta in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 51:682-689, 1998.
17. Yu M, Nishiyama A, Trapp BD, Tuohy VK. Interferon-b inhibits progression of relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroimmunol, 64:91-100, 1996.
18. IFN-β Multiple Sclerosis Study Group. Interferon beta 1-b is effective in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. I. Clinical results of a multicenter, randomised, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial. Neurology, 43:655-661,1993.
19. Paty DW, Li DKB, UBC MS/MRI Study Group, IFN-β Multiple Sclerosis Study Group. Interferon beta-1b is effective in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. II. MRI analyses results of a multicenter, randomised, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial. Neurology, 43:662-667, 1993.
20. Lublin FD, Whitaker JN, Eidelman BH, Miller AE, Arnason BGW, Burks JS. Management of patients receiving interferon beta-1b for multiple sclerosis: report of a consensus conference. Neurology, 46:12-18, 1996.
21. IFN-β Multiple Sclerosis Study Group, University of British Columbia MS/MRI Analysis Group. Interferon beta-1 a in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: final outcome of randomised controlled trial. Neurology, 45:1277-1285, 1995.
22. European Study Group on Interferon Beta-1b in Secondary Progressive MS. Placebo-controlled multicentre randomised trial of interferon beta-1b in the treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Lancet, 352:1491-1497, 1998.
23. Bashir K, Whitaker JN. Current immunotherapy in multiple sclerosis. Immunol. Cell Biol, 76:55-64, 1998.
24. Jacobs L, Cookfair D, Rudick R et al. Intramuscular interferon beta-1 a for disease progression in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol, 39:194-285, 1996.
25. PRISMS (Prevention of Relapses and Disability by Interferon Beta-1 a Subcutaneously in Multiple Sclerosis) Study Group. Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study of interferon b-1 a in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The Lancet, 352:1498-1504, 1998.
26. Johnson KP, Brooks BR, Cohen JA et al. Copolymer-1 reduces relapse rate and improves disability in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: results of a phase III multicenter, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial. The Copolymer-1 Multiple Sclerosis Study Group. Neurology, 45:1268-76, 1995.
27. Bornstein MB, Miller A, Slagle E et al. A pilot trial of Cop-1 in exacerbating-remitting multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med, 317:408-14, 1987.
28. Johnson KM, Brooks BR, Cohen JA et al. Extended use of glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) is well tolerated and maintains its clinical effect on multiple sclerosis relapse rate and degree of disability. Neurology, 50:701-708, 1998.
29. Becker CC, Gidal BE, Fleming JO. Immunotherapy in multiple sclerosis, part 2. Am J Heath-Syst Pharm, 52:2105-20, 1995.
30. Hauser SL, Dawson DM, Lerich JR et al. Intensive immunosupression in progressive multiple sclerosis: a randomised three-arm study of high dose intravenous cyclophosphamide, plasma exchange and ACTH. N Engl J Med, 308:173-80, 1983.
31. The Canadian Cooperative Multiple Sclerosis Study Group. The Canadian Cooperative trial of cyclophosphamide and plasma exchange in progressive multiple sclerosis. Lancet, 337:442-6, 1991.
32. Weiner HL, Mackin GA, Orav EJ et al. Intermittent cyclophosphamide pulse therapy in progressive multiple sclerosis: final report of the Northeast Cooperative Multiple Sclerosis Treatment Group. Neurology, 43:910-18, 1993.
33. Takashima H, Smith DR, Fukaura H, Khoury S, Hafler DA, Weiner HL. Pulse cyclophosphamide plus methylprednisolone induces myelin-antigen-specific IL-4-secreting T cells in multiple sclerosis patients. Clin Immunol Immunopathol, 88:28-34, 1998.
34. Schluep M, Bogousslavsky J. Emerging treatments in multiple sclerosis. Eur Neurol, 38:216-221, 1997.
35. Edan G, Miller DH, Clanet M et al. Therapeutic effect of mithoxantrone combined with methylprednisolone in multiple sclerosis: a randomised multicentre study of active disease using MRI and clinical criteria. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 62:112-118, 1997.
36. Millefiorini E, Gasperini C, Pozzili C et al. Randomised placebo-controlled trial of mitoxantrone in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: 24 month clinical and MRI outcome. J Neurol, 244:153-534, 1997.
37. Hartung HP, Gonsette R and the MIMS Study Group. Mitoxantrone in progressive multiple sclerosis: a placebocontrolled, randomised, observer-blind, european phase III multicentre study: clinical results. Multiple Sclerosis, 4:325, 1998.
38. Fazekas F, Deisenhammer F, Strasser-Fuchs S et al. Randomised placebo-controlled trial of monthly intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The Lancet, 349:589-593, 1997.
39. Sorensen PS, Wanscher B, Jensen CV et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin G reduces MRI activity in relapsing multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 50:1273-1281, 1998.
40. Achiron A, Gabbay U, Gilad R et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 50:398-402, 1998.
41. Vamvakas E, Weinshenker B. Meta-analysis of clinical studies of the efficacy of plasma exchange in the treatment of chronic progressive multiple sclerosis. J Clin Apheresis, 10:163-170, 1995.
42. Weiner HL, Dau PC, Khatri O et al. Double-blind study og true vs. Sham plasma exchange in patients treated with immunosupression for acute attacks of multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 39:1143-1149, 1989.
43. Rodriguez M, Karnes J, Bartleson JD, Pineda AA. Plasmapheresis in acute episodes of fulminat CNS inflamatory demyelination. Neurology, 43:1100-1104, 1993.
2. Weinstock-Guttman B, Cohen JA. Emerging therapies for multiple sclerosis. Neurologist, 2:342-55, 1996.
3. Elovaara I, Lalla M, Spare E, Lehtimaki T, Dastidar P. Methylprednisolone reduces adhesion molecules in blood and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with MS. Neurology, 51:17031708, 1998.
4. Rose AS, Namerow NS, Kuzzma JW et al. Cooperative study in the evaluation of therapy in multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 20:1-59, 1970.
5. Kurtzke JF. Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: the Extended Disability Status Scale. Neurology, 33:1444-1452, 1983.
6. Milligan NM, Newcombe R, Compston DAS. A double-blind, controlled trial of high dose methylprednisolone in patients with multiple sclerosis. I: clinical effects. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 50:511-16, 1987.
7. Barnes MP, Bateman DE, Cleland PG et al. Intravenous methylprednisolone for multiple sclerosis relapse. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 48:157-9, 1985.
8. Beck RW, Cleary PA, Anderson MM et al. A randomized controlled trial of corticosteroids in the treatment of acute optic neuritis. N Engl J Med, 326:581-8, 1992.
9. Beck RW, Cleary PA, Trobe JD et al. The effect of corticosteroids for acute optic neuritis on the subsequent development of multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med, 329:17649, 1993.
10. Smith ME, Stone LA, Alberts PS et al. Clinical worsening in multiple sclerosis is associated with increased frequency and area of gadopentate dimeglumine-enhancing magnetic resonance imaging lesions. Ann Neurol, 33:480-6, 1993.
11. Barnes D, Hughes RA, Morris RW et al. Randomized trial of oral and intravenous methylprednisolone in acute relapses of multiple sclerosis. Lancet, 349:902-6, 1997.
12. Alam SM, Kyriakides T, Lawden M et al. Methylprednisolone in multiple sclerosis. A comparision of oral and intravenous therapy at equivalent high dose. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 56:1219-20, 1993.
13. Sellebjerg F, Frederiksen JL, Nielsen PM, Olesen J. Doubleblind, randomised, placebo-controlled study of oral, high-dose methylprednisolone in attacks of MS. Neurology, 51:529-534, 1998.
14. Miller JHD, Vas CJ, Noronha MJ, Liversedge LA, Rawson MD. Long-term treatment of multiple sclerosis with corticotrophin. Lancet, 2:429-31, 1967. 15. Durelli L, Bongioanni MR, Cavallo R et al. Chronic systemic high-dose recombinant interferon alpha-2a reduces exacerbation rate, MRI signs of disease activity, and lynfocyte interferon gamma production in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 44:406-13, 1994.
16. Yong VW, Chabot S, Stuve O, Williams G. Interferon beta in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 51:682-689, 1998.
17. Yu M, Nishiyama A, Trapp BD, Tuohy VK. Interferon-b inhibits progression of relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroimmunol, 64:91-100, 1996.
18. IFN-β Multiple Sclerosis Study Group. Interferon beta 1-b is effective in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. I. Clinical results of a multicenter, randomised, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial. Neurology, 43:655-661,1993.
19. Paty DW, Li DKB, UBC MS/MRI Study Group, IFN-β Multiple Sclerosis Study Group. Interferon beta-1b is effective in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. II. MRI analyses results of a multicenter, randomised, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial. Neurology, 43:662-667, 1993.
20. Lublin FD, Whitaker JN, Eidelman BH, Miller AE, Arnason BGW, Burks JS. Management of patients receiving interferon beta-1b for multiple sclerosis: report of a consensus conference. Neurology, 46:12-18, 1996.
21. IFN-β Multiple Sclerosis Study Group, University of British Columbia MS/MRI Analysis Group. Interferon beta-1 a in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: final outcome of randomised controlled trial. Neurology, 45:1277-1285, 1995.
22. European Study Group on Interferon Beta-1b in Secondary Progressive MS. Placebo-controlled multicentre randomised trial of interferon beta-1b in the treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Lancet, 352:1491-1497, 1998.
23. Bashir K, Whitaker JN. Current immunotherapy in multiple sclerosis. Immunol. Cell Biol, 76:55-64, 1998.
24. Jacobs L, Cookfair D, Rudick R et al. Intramuscular interferon beta-1 a for disease progression in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol, 39:194-285, 1996.
25. PRISMS (Prevention of Relapses and Disability by Interferon Beta-1 a Subcutaneously in Multiple Sclerosis) Study Group. Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study of interferon b-1 a in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The Lancet, 352:1498-1504, 1998.
26. Johnson KP, Brooks BR, Cohen JA et al. Copolymer-1 reduces relapse rate and improves disability in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: results of a phase III multicenter, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial. The Copolymer-1 Multiple Sclerosis Study Group. Neurology, 45:1268-76, 1995.
27. Bornstein MB, Miller A, Slagle E et al. A pilot trial of Cop-1 in exacerbating-remitting multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med, 317:408-14, 1987.
28. Johnson KM, Brooks BR, Cohen JA et al. Extended use of glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) is well tolerated and maintains its clinical effect on multiple sclerosis relapse rate and degree of disability. Neurology, 50:701-708, 1998.
29. Becker CC, Gidal BE, Fleming JO. Immunotherapy in multiple sclerosis, part 2. Am J Heath-Syst Pharm, 52:2105-20, 1995.
30. Hauser SL, Dawson DM, Lerich JR et al. Intensive immunosupression in progressive multiple sclerosis: a randomised three-arm study of high dose intravenous cyclophosphamide, plasma exchange and ACTH. N Engl J Med, 308:173-80, 1983.
31. The Canadian Cooperative Multiple Sclerosis Study Group. The Canadian Cooperative trial of cyclophosphamide and plasma exchange in progressive multiple sclerosis. Lancet, 337:442-6, 1991.
32. Weiner HL, Mackin GA, Orav EJ et al. Intermittent cyclophosphamide pulse therapy in progressive multiple sclerosis: final report of the Northeast Cooperative Multiple Sclerosis Treatment Group. Neurology, 43:910-18, 1993.
33. Takashima H, Smith DR, Fukaura H, Khoury S, Hafler DA, Weiner HL. Pulse cyclophosphamide plus methylprednisolone induces myelin-antigen-specific IL-4-secreting T cells in multiple sclerosis patients. Clin Immunol Immunopathol, 88:28-34, 1998.
34. Schluep M, Bogousslavsky J. Emerging treatments in multiple sclerosis. Eur Neurol, 38:216-221, 1997.
35. Edan G, Miller DH, Clanet M et al. Therapeutic effect of mithoxantrone combined with methylprednisolone in multiple sclerosis: a randomised multicentre study of active disease using MRI and clinical criteria. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 62:112-118, 1997.
36. Millefiorini E, Gasperini C, Pozzili C et al. Randomised placebo-controlled trial of mitoxantrone in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: 24 month clinical and MRI outcome. J Neurol, 244:153-534, 1997.
37. Hartung HP, Gonsette R and the MIMS Study Group. Mitoxantrone in progressive multiple sclerosis: a placebocontrolled, randomised, observer-blind, european phase III multicentre study: clinical results. Multiple Sclerosis, 4:325, 1998.
38. Fazekas F, Deisenhammer F, Strasser-Fuchs S et al. Randomised placebo-controlled trial of monthly intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The Lancet, 349:589-593, 1997.
39. Sorensen PS, Wanscher B, Jensen CV et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin G reduces MRI activity in relapsing multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 50:1273-1281, 1998.
40. Achiron A, Gabbay U, Gilad R et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 50:398-402, 1998.
41. Vamvakas E, Weinshenker B. Meta-analysis of clinical studies of the efficacy of plasma exchange in the treatment of chronic progressive multiple sclerosis. J Clin Apheresis, 10:163-170, 1995.
42. Weiner HL, Dau PC, Khatri O et al. Double-blind study og true vs. Sham plasma exchange in patients treated with immunosupression for acute attacks of multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 39:1143-1149, 1989.
43. Rodriguez M, Karnes J, Bartleson JD, Pineda AA. Plasmapheresis in acute episodes of fulminat CNS inflamatory demyelination. Neurology, 43:1100-1104, 1993.
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1999-09-30
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Souza, N. A. de, & Oliveira, E. M. L. de. (1999). Considerações Sobre o Tratamento da Esclerose Múltipla . Revista Neurociências, 7(3), 98–103. https://doi.org/10.34024/rnc.1999.v7.10312
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Recebido: 2020-02-18
Publicado: 1999-09-30
Publicado: 1999-09-30
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