Aprendizagem Motora e Doença de Parkinson: Revisão de Fatores Influentes no Equilíbrio e na Propriocepção
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34024/rnc.2013.v21.8187Palavras-chave:
Aprendizagem, Doença de Parkinson, Equilíbrio Postural, PropriocepçãoResumo
Estudos na área da aprendizagem motora têm demonstrado que fatores como o foco atencional, o feedback extrínseco e a prática autocontrolada podem influenciar o desempenho de diferentes habilidades. Objetivo. Revisar o efeito da utilização desses três fatores sobre a aprendizagem motora de tarefas com demanda de equilíbrio e propriocepção em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson (DP). Método. A pesquisa compreendeu uma busca nas bases eletrônicas de dados LILACS, SciELO e MEDLINE, sendo incluídos artigos com data de publicação entre 2002 e 2012 e com delineamento experimental. Resultados. No total, foram identificados 26 artigos. Destes, cinco preencheram os critérios de inclusão e foram utilizados na revisão. A instrução de foco atencional externo e a utilização da prática autocontrolada demonstraram seus benefícios na aprendizagem motora de tarefas de equilíbrio em indivíduos com DP, enquanto a frequência de feedback necessária para melhorar a aprendizagem motora não ficou esclarecida nessa população. Conclusão. Considerando que o emprego desses fatores reduz a oscilação postural em indivíduos com DP, a revisão sugere que o foco atencional externo e a prática autocontrolada podem gerar implicações importantes para o treinamento do equilíbrio.
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