Elaboração de Manual de Orientações sobre Hipertermia Maligna para Pacientes

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34024/rnc.2021.v29.12345

Palavras-chave:

Hipertermia Maligna, Educação em saúde, Prevenção

Resumo

Introdução. Hipertermia Maligna (HM) é doença farmacogenética, desencadeada pela exposição de indivíduos susceptíveis a anestésicos voláteis e succinilcolina. Excepcionalmente, crises são desencadeadas por exercício e calor ambiental.  Esse estado hipermetabólico manifesta-se por hipercapnia, taquicardia, rigidez muscular, acidose lática e hipertermia; sem tratamento específico, mortalidade alcança 70-80%. Fora da crise, geralmente o paciente é assintomático, mas raramente apresenta intolerância ao esforço, cãibras musculares ou sinais de miopatia. Artigos/livros e sites informam profissionais de saúde e leigos sobre diagnóstico de HM com teste de contratura muscular in vitro e genética, além do tratamento da crise de HM com dantrolene, mas não estão disponíveis informações para período intercrítico. Objetivo. Elaboração de manual de orientações para os susceptíveis à HM, quanto aos cuidados na vida diária. Método. O manual de orientações fundamentou-se em revisão bibliográfica sobre repercussões da susceptibilidade à HM, realizada segundo diretrizes do QUORUM e do Grupo de Trabalho de Medicina Baseada em Evidências. Resultados. A revisão localizou 129 artigos que foram analisados e permitiram a elaboração de 14 perguntas relacionadas a cuidados com exercício, diagnóstico pré-natal, manejo de doenças associadas pré-existentes (diabetes mellitus, asma brônquica), intoxicações exógenas, drogas ilícitas, tratamento odontológico, e medicações (serotoninérgico, quinolona, anti-dislipidêmico, contraste iodado, inibidor de fosfodiesterase III, bloqueador de canal de cálcio, betabloqueador, neuroléptico, heparina). As informações foram vertidas para linguagem leiga e usadas no manual de orientação disponibilizado online (https://cedhima.unifesp.br). Conclusão. Apesar da HM ser conhecida pela crise anestésica, há implicações na vida diária que devem ser divulgadas para pacientes e profissionais de saúde.

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2021-09-20

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Rodrigues, G., & Silva, H. C. A. da. (2021). Elaboração de Manual de Orientações sobre Hipertermia Maligna para Pacientes. Revista Neurociências, 29, 1–59. https://doi.org/10.34024/rnc.2021.v29.12345

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Recebido: 2021-06-25
Aceito: 2021-07-28
Publicado: 2021-09-20

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